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Carry & Borrow Operations

Carry & Borrow Operations

Course: Abacus for Children — Level 3

Practice Sheet · Premium

4 pages of progressive carry/borrow operations from two-digit to three-digit cascading. 40 problems.

Abacus Progress Pack — Carry and Borrow Operations

40 problems across 4 pages with progressive difficulty. From simple two-digit carries to three-digit cascading operations.

Page 1: 2-digit + 1-digit carry
Page 2: 2-digit + 2-digit carry
Page 3: Subtraction with borrow
Page 4: 3-digit cascading

Page 1 of 4 — Two-Digit + Single-Digit with Carry

When the ones rod overflows (sum of ones digits is 10 or more), carry 1 to the tens rod.

1.17 + 5=
Carry needed? Y / N
2.28 + 4=
Carry needed? Y / N
3.19 + 3=
Carry needed? Y / N
4.36 + 7=
Carry needed? Y / N
5.45 + 8=
Carry needed? Y / N
6.24 + 9=
Carry needed? Y / N
7.33 + 8=
Carry needed? Y / N
8.16 + 6=
Carry needed? Y / N
9.47 + 5=
Carry needed? Y / N
10.29 + 7=
Carry needed? Y / N

Page 2 of 4 — Two-Digit + Two-Digit with Carry

Both ones and tens columns may carry. Work right to left: ones rod first, then tens rod.

11.15 + 17=
working space
12.23 + 18=
working space
13.34 + 27=
working space
14.46 + 15=
working space
15.28 + 34=
working space
16.37 + 25=
working space
17.19 + 23=
working space
18.44 + 18=
working space
19.26 + 36=
working space
20.38 + 24=
working space

Page 3 of 4 — Subtraction with Borrow

When the ones rod does not have enough, borrow from the tens rod: remove 1 tens bead and add 10 to the ones rod.

21.21 - 7=
Borrow needed? Y / N
22.32 - 8=
Borrow needed? Y / N
23.40 - 6=
Borrow needed? Y / N
24.53 - 9=
Borrow needed? Y / N
25.25 - 17=
Borrow needed? Y / N
26.34 - 16=
Borrow needed? Y / N
27.41 - 23=
Borrow needed? Y / N
28.50 - 28=
Borrow needed? Y / N
29.63 - 37=
Borrow needed? Y / N
30.72 - 45=
Borrow needed? Y / N

Page 4 of 4 — Three-Digit Cascading Operations

Carries and borrows may cascade across multiple rods. Work right to left. Use the working space to track intermediate rod states.

31.105 + 97=

Hundreds rod

Tens rod

Ones rod

32.213 + 89=

Hundreds rod

Tens rod

Ones rod

33.150 - 63=

Hundreds rod

Tens rod

Ones rod

34.247 + 56=

Hundreds rod

Tens rod

Ones rod

35.300 - 127=

Hundreds rod

Tens rod

Ones rod

36.198 + 45=

Hundreds rod

Tens rod

Ones rod

37.256 - 79=

Hundreds rod

Tens rod

Ones rod

38.189 + 123=

Hundreds rod

Tens rod

Ones rod

39.400 - 213=

Hundreds rod

Tens rod

Ones rod

40.315 + 97=

Hundreds rod

Tens rod

Ones rod

Score

36+ = Excellent · 28-35 = Good · below 28 = Review complement drills first

___ / 40
Page 1 (carry): ___ / 10
Page 2 (2+2 carry): ___ / 10
Page 3 (borrow): ___ / 10
Page 4 (cascade): ___ / 10

Part of these learning packs

Abacus Progress Pack

16 printable pages for Levels 2–3 — complement rules, carry/borrow operations, and error-checking templates with parent answer keys

Two-digit to three-digit operations with cascading carry and borrow. Progressive difficulty.

These packs include this resource alongside other printables, tools, and study guides — curated for a specific goal. View all packs →

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