எளிய கூட்டல் — 10 வரை
Simple Addition — Within 10
Add numbers that cross over 5! When lower beads are full, use the upper bead. This is where it gets interesting!
Let's Learn
What you will learn today
Add two numbers where the total is between 6 and 10, using the upper bead swap.
You can already add numbers up to 5. Now let's add numbers where the total goes higher — 6, 7, 8, 9, or even 10. The key skill is the upper bead swap.
Quick recap
You added numbers within 5. The upper bead swap happened when the total reached exactly 5. Now totals will go higher — up to 10. The swap still works the same way.
The upper bead swap — the key technique
When you are adding lower beads and you run out of lower bead space (at 5), do a swap: push all lower beads DOWN and push the upper bead DOWN. The upper bead replaces all 5.
📐 3 + 4 = 7 — step by step
Show 3 (3 lower beads up). Now add 4. Add 2 more lower beads → you reach 5 → SWAP: push lower beads down, push upper bead down (=5). Still need to add 2 more: push 2 lower beads up. Result: upper bead (5) + 2 lower beads (2) = 7.
- 1Start: show 3 on abacus
- 2Add 4: first add 2 lower beads → reach 5
- 3Swap: lower beads down, upper bead down (=5)
- 4Continue adding: push 2 more lower beads up
- 5Read: 5 + 2 = 7
📐 5 + 3 = 8 — starting from 5
Show 5 (upper bead down). Add 3 lower beads up. No swap needed this time! Upper bead (5) + 3 lower beads (3) = 8.
📐 4 + 4 = 8
Show 4 (4 lower beads up). Add 4: add 1 lower bead → reach 5 → swap to upper bead. Still need to add 3 more: push 3 lower beads up. Result: 5 + 3 = 8.
The swap rule — remember this
Whenever adding lower beads brings you to exactly 5: clear ALL lower beads and push the upper bead down. Then continue adding the remaining amount with lower beads.
The maximum on one rod is 9
The highest number one rod can show is 9 (upper bead + all 4 lower beads). If you ever add past 9, you would need to carry to the tens rod — but that is Level 2! For now, all our additions stay within 10.
Partial swap confusion
After the swap, some children forget to add the remaining amount. Example: 3 + 4. You reach 5 (swap), but you were adding 4 total. After adding 2 (which triggered the swap), you still have 2 more to add. Do not stop at the swap!
Try: 4 + 5 = 9
Use the abacus to add 4 + 5. The answer should be 9.
🎯 Goal: Show the number 9
Try: 3 + 3 = 6
Use the abacus to add 3 + 3. The answer should be 6.
🎯 Goal: Show the number 6
Challenge Round
Solve 3 + 4 = 7 — swap required!
Solve 3 + 4 on the abacus. Start with 3, then add 4. You will need the swap along the way. Think through each step!
🎯 Goal: Show the number 7
You have mastered the upper bead swap! This is the most important abacus technique. Now you can add any numbers within 10. In the final lesson, you bring everything together for the Master Practice!
↪ Next: Level 1 Master Practice
Key Points
முக்கிய குறிப்புகள்
- ✓When you reach 5 lower beads: clear them and push upper bead down
- ✓3 + 4 = 7: show 3, add 4 → swap to upper bead when you hit 5, add 2 more
- ✓Upper bead value (5) + lower bead count = your number
- ✓4 + 6 = 10: carry to tens rod when ones is full
- ✓Check your answer by reading the bead position
Lesson Materialsபாட வளங்கள்
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Glossary
சொல் அகராதி
Swap
மாற்று
Cross five
ஐந்தை கடக்கு
Carry
கொண்டு செல்
Result
விடை
Check
சரிபார்
Practice Activities
Guided Additionவழிகாட்டு கூட்டல்
Follow every step on the abacus — you must earn each move!
Follow each step — the abacus starts at the right number. No jumping to the final answer!
Step 1
You start with 3. Add the first of the 4: push 1 lower bead UP.
Your abacus shows: 3
Quizவினாடி வினா
Answer each question to check your understanding.
3 + 4 கணக்கில் 5 கீழ் மணிகளை அடைந்தால் என்ன செய்வீர்கள்?
You are adding 3 + 4. After showing 3, you add 4 more. When you reach 5 lower beads, what do you do?
Match the Termsபொருத்துக
Click a term on the left, then click its matching definition on the right.
Click a term, then click its matching definition.
Terms
Definitions
Fill in the Blanksஇடைவெளி நிரப்புக
Type the missing word and press Check or Enter.
Type the missing word and click Check.